Piranhas & Pacus · Hemiodus & minor characins

Cyphocharax gangamon

Vari, 1992

IUCNLEAST CONCERN
CARESNOT LISTED
Scientific size2 in4.7 cm standard length
Depthnot recorded
DietNot directly documented for this species; inferred from the family Curimatidae to be a detritivore/biofilm grazer feeding on fine organic sediment, algae and associated microfauna, consistent with the toothless jaw and specialised pharyngeal grinding apparatus typical of curimatids
BreedingUndocumented — no spawning or breeding record exists for this species in the wild or captivity
Sexual dimorphismMinimalNo external sexual dimorphism documented for this species
PhotographsSee photosGoogle Images →

Cyphocharax gangamon is a small, quiet grazer from the Tapajós River basin of Brazil, described by Richard Vari in 1992 as part of his revision of the neotropical genus Cyphocharax. It belongs to Curimatidae, the "toothless characiforms" — a large family of detritus- and biofilm-grazing minnow-like fish that keep Amazonian sediment and periphyton in circulation but almost never appear in the aquarium trade. At a maximum recorded size of just 2 in standard length, it is a genuinely small fish, not one of the family's larger river migrators, and almost nothing about its diet, breeding or aquarium husbandry has been documented — this account is deliberately short because the record is short.

What's in the name

Cyphocharax gangamonsy-foh-KAR-ax gan-GAM-on

Cyphocharax
  • kyphosGreekbent, humped — referring to the curved dorsal body profile typical of the genus
  • charaxGreeka pointed stake or characteristic characiform suffix used widely in the order's genus names
gangamon
  • gángamonGreeka reticulate (net-like) fishing net, referring to the reticulate pattern on the lateral and dorsal body surfaces

Taxonomy & naming

Cyphocharax gangamon was described by the American ichthyologist Richard P. Vari in 1992 in his systematic revision of the neotropical characiform genus Cyphocharax (Vari, "Systematics of the neotropical characiform genus Cyphocharax Fowler [Pisces, Ostariophysi]"). It belongs to the family Curimatidae within the order Characiformes — the curimatas and their relatives, a family characterised by the loss of jaw teeth (hence the family's informal "toothless characin" tag) and a specialised pharyngeal apparatus adapted for processing fine detritus.

The species epithet "gangamon" derives from the Greek gángamon, meaning a reticulate or net-like fishing net, a reference to the reticulate (net-patterned) markings on the fish's lateral and dorsal body surfaces. The genus Cyphocharax is large, with dozens of species distributed across South American river systems, and species-level identification within it typically depends on fine scale-count and morphometric characters rather than obvious external field marks — consistent with why C. gangamon has essentially no presence in general or hobby literature beyond its original description.

Morphology

Cyphocharax gangamon is a small, slender-to-moderately-deep-bodied characiform, reaching a maximum recorded length of only 2 in standard length according to FishBase — among the smaller members of a genus that runs from a few centimetres up to species several times that size. Like other curimatids, it lacks functional jaw teeth, relying instead on a muscular, toothless mouth and pharyngeal grinding structures suited to sifting fine organic material rather than biting prey.

Detailed colouration and fin-count data for this species are not documented in the sources reviewed here; the original 1992 description by Vari would carry the formal morphometric diagnosis, but that level of technical detail — scale counts, fin-ray formulas, precise body depth ratios — is not something this account can responsibly report without direct access to the primary taxonomic paper.

Habitat

The species is known from the Tapajós River basin in Brazil, a major clearwater tributary of the Amazon. As a small-bodied curimatid, it most likely occupies benthopelagic zones of river channels and associated habitats — moving between the bottom and mid-water column — which is consistent with FishBase's classification of the species as benthopelagic and freshwater tropical.

Beyond that basin-level distribution and general habit, no site-specific habitat data (substrate type, vegetation, water flow, seasonal habitat shifts) is available in the sources reviewed for this account. Data is sparse for this species outside its original taxonomic description.

Feeding

No diet data specific to Cyphocharax gangamon is available in FishBase or the other sources consulted here. However, Curimatidae as a family are well documented as detritivores and biofilm/algae grazers: their toothless jaws and specialised pharyngeal mill are adaptations for processing fine organic sediment, algae and associated microfauna rather than for capturing prey or browsing coarse plant material, and closely related Cyphocharax species are consistently described this way in the literature.

It is reasonable to infer, by family- and genus-level pattern rather than direct evidence for this species, that C. gangamon feeds similarly on detritus, biofilm and fine organic matter in its native river habitat. No aquarium feeding data exists for this species, since it is not established in the hobby.

Mating

No courtship or spawning-behaviour data for Cyphocharax gangamon is documented in the sources reviewed. No external sexual dimorphism is described for the species in FishBase or the original description as summarised here. Data is sparse.

Breeding

There is no documented breeding record for Cyphocharax gangamon in captivity or in the wild beyond its formal description. This species is not established in the aquarium trade, and no aquaculture or hobbyist spawning accounts exist in the sources reviewed. Rather than assign a breeding mode by inference from distantly related characins, this account states plainly that breeding biology for this species is undocumented.

In the aquarium

Cyphocharax gangamon is not a hobby species. It has no established presence in the aquarium trade, no care guides, and no aquarium-specific water-parameter or tankmate recommendations in any source reviewed for this account. Its small maximum size (2 in SL) would in principle suit a nano or small community setup similar to other diminutive curimatids, but that is an inference from its size and family, not a documented husbandry record, and it should not be presented as tested advice.

Anyone encountering this species would almost certainly do so only through specialist importers or scientific collection, not general retail, and should treat any care approach as experimental rather than established.

Conservation

Cyphocharax gangamon is assessed by the IUCN Red List as Least Concern. As a species restricted to (or at least best documented from) the Tapajós River basin, it shares that basin's broader conservation context — the Tapajós has seen substantial hydroelectric development, deforestation-linked sedimentation and mining pressure in recent decades, though no source reviewed here ties a specific population decline or threat directly to C. gangamon.

The species is not targeted by the aquarium trade or commercial fisheries in any documented way, so its conservation profile is driven by general habitat pressures on the Tapajós system rather than by direct exploitation.

Sources

  1. FishBase — Cyphocharax gangamon Vari, 1992
  2. IUCN Red List — Cyphocharax gangamon assessment
  3. WoRMS / Marine Species — Cyphocharax taxon list (Vari 1992 original description reference)
  4. ETYFish Project — Curimatidae etymology database

Last reviewed 2026-07-09.

How to cite

Aquarist Atlas (2026). Cyphocharax gangamon. Aquarist Atlas.https://www.aquaristatlas.com/piranhas/cyphocharax-gangamon/

Where it has been recorded

3 georeferenced records (GBIF). Each point is a field observation or museum specimen — pan and zoom to explore where this species turns up. The coordinates come straight from GBIF and are often rounded or tied to the nearest town or river landing, so a dot can sit just beside the actual water rather than in it.

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